Vision And Mission Of Infosys In Consulting And It Services Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Infosys is a reputed global consulting and IT services company established in 1981. This NASDAQ listed company was established in Pune, India by N.R. Narayana Murthy and six engineers with US $ 250 as initial capital. Today with its strong business strategy and IT strength, it has grown to become a US $ 4.8 billion company with a market capitalization of approximately US $ 33 billion. VISION AND MISSION INFOSYS VISION To be a globally respected corporation that provides best-of-breed business solutions, leveraging technology, delivered by best-in-class people. Infosys does not just want to be a corporation which just focuses on increasing its business and revenue, rather its vision is to be a corporation which provides best business solution by indulging best talented people and eventually to become a reputed and respected corporation. INFOSYS MISSION To achieve our objectives in an environment of fairness, honesty, and courtesy towards our clients, employees, vendors and society at large. Infosys focuses on maintaining fairness, honesty and courtesy towards their clients, employees, vendors and society in their path of achieving their objective. They believe that these three key aspects were the main factors in achieving their vision. GLOBAL FOOTPRINT AND OFFERED SERVICES Infosys has made his footprint globally with offices and development centers across the world. It has expanded its business globally by operating in 28 countries which covers Europe, America, Middle East, Africa, and APAC (Asia Pacific and China). Infosys offers various services to sustain in the competitive environment and to enhance their growth. Services offered: Business and Technology consulting Application services Systems integration services Product engineering services Custom software development services Maintenance services Re-engineering services Independent testing and validation services IT infrastructure services Business Process Outsourcing services Infosys follows a blended offering of onsite high quality business consulting and offsite impeccable technology implementation. This eventually reduces the cost of taking the entire team of business consultants to a client site. In the application services, they offer application development, maintenance and modernization. They focus on delivering high quality, flexible applications that are easy to maintain. To deliver a world class process outsourcing, Infosys BPO services combine technology, process skills and domain expertise. In terms of industry segment, Infosys offers services to many industries which includes; Aerospace and defence Airl ines Automotive Banking, insurance and capital markets Communication Manufacturing and technology Logistics Education Healthcare COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT OF INFOSYS Infosys being a leading company in India faces a lot of competition in local, national and international market. With its in-depth industry expertise, Information Technology and innovative strength, Infosys competes over its competitors, sustains its business and enhances its growth. LOCAL AND NATIONAL COMPETITORS HEXAWARE TECHNOLOGIES Hexaware technologies is an IT and BPO service provider company based in Mumbai, India. In the local and national level, it makes a healthier competition with Infosys mainly in the banking and health care software services sector. ATARI INFORMATICS Atari Informatics, an IT company based in New Delhi, India, is another competitor of Infosys in local and national level. It provides a healthier competition in BPO sector, mainly in local and national banking sector. FINIX INFOSOLUTION Finix infosolution, based in Chennai, India is a challenging company offering a healthy competition in testing and networking services domain in local and national level. Though these companies managed to compete with Infosys in the local and national market, these companies could not cope up with the standard offered by Infosys and these companies could grab only a small portion of business comparatively. In a poll conducted in 2010 by Finance-Asia, a leading financial magazine, Infosys was selected as the best managed company in India by investors and analysts across Asia. INTERNATIONAL COMPETITORS In the international market, a healthy rivalry in terms of competition is offered by TCS (Tata Consultancy Services), CTS (Cognizant Technology Solutions), Wipro, Accenture, Microsoft, IBM, HP, LT Technologies. Infosys has a heavy competitive environment in all the services offered by them in the international market. With the impact of globalization, every organization is concerned about taking their organization into the global business field. The above mentioned competitors are globally very well established in terms of reputation and financial strength. Infosys offers a high competition to their rivals in the BPO sector and it won the Forbes magazines Most Dynamically Developing BPO Center in Poland award for the year 2010. Infosys was ranked among the best in investor relations in APAC (Asia Pacific and China). In the International Association of Outsourcing Professionals Global Outsourcing 100, Infosys was ranked second. Infosys planned and organized their services i nto different sectors, which helped them to increase focus and time managing ability. Infosys with their effective use of IT and strategic planning, made a global footprint with its presence in 28 countries across the world and offers a very healthy competition to its rivals and achieves business, awards and reputation in local, national and international market. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS Strategic analysis can be defined as the process of conducting study on the business environment of an organisation. The strategic analysis process uses a number of tools, out of which SWOT and PESTEL analysis are used here. SWOT ANALYSIS SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Ron Basu. (2004) states, A SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) is a tool for analysing an organizations competitive position in relation to its competitors STRENGTHS Infosys considers diversity as an important asset and is one of the main strength. They attract and retain global talent by offering best diversity opportunities. Infosys has more than 100,000 employees from 70 nationalities working together in an inclusive environment. Infosys has marked its footprint in 28 countries and this enhances its capability to support the global operations of multinational clients. Efficient and highly innovative Research and Development facility is the main strength of Infosys. Infosys has a strong financial position. The present revenue is US $ 4.8 billion which shows an increase of 7.3% compared to the previous year. Impressive list of global 2000 clientele is an added strength. WEAKNESSES Infosys major revenue is from banking and financial sector and this sector is facing a crisis globally and even reduced their spending in IT. Excessive dependence on US for revenue is a major weakness as most of the companies in US are cutting their IT budget. Comparing to its international competitors like HP, EDS, IBM and Accenture its revenue is relatively low. In the sector of high-end management consultancy, Infosys is weaker while comparing with Accenture and IBM which dominates this sector. Since many of its competitors are US based, it struggles to achieve US Federal government contracts. Infosys could not grab these highly profitable contracts since there were political pressures on US government to offer these contracts to US based companies OPPORTUNITIES Since there is a huge industrial revolution in China, there is a new and emerging market. Access to new business market in oil and gas industry through their strategic alliance with Schlumberger Limited. Many firms across the globe are adopting outsourcing at an increased pace. This increases the opportunities of getting more new clients, which are yet to adopt outsourcing. Demand for IT services in Indian market is expected an increased growth of 20% and there is greater scope in product innovation and services domains like transportation and infrastructure. THREATS Many global players have realised that the availability of low-cost and highly skilled labours in India. This makes Infosys compete with other global players for skilled labour. This eventually raises the wage levels and creates difficulty in retaining talented staff. Policies made by US government against outsourcing to companies based other than in US. Fierce competition from competitors with greater reputation and financial strength. There is a large pool of low-cost and skilled labours in countries like Korea and China. New competitors may come from these countries and customers may switch to these competitors. PESTEL ANALYSIS The PESTEL analysis helps to scan the external macro environment in which the company operates. PESTEL stands for Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal. All these factors play a vital role in the value creation opportunities of a companys strategy. POLITICAL The globalisation policies in many countries paved the way for many companies to invest in foreign markets. Even though globalisation policies helped Infosys to invest in many countries, it eventually increased the number of competitors in that field. The enacted legislation by some U.S. states which restricted government agencies from outsourcing their Information Technology solutions and back office processes to the companies outside U.S. is also a threat. This may some time extended such that the private U.S. companies, some of which are Infosys clients may also be restricted to outsource their works related to government. If this policy was made, then Infosys may face adverse impact. The decision made by Government owned companies and public sector units in India to give more IT projects to Indian IT companies is a great advantage to Infosys. The politics in many countries are very instable which eventually affects the markets of Infosys. It is very essential that for a firm to be successful, it has to adapt to the changing policies made by the local government and should find way to overcome those issues. ECONOMICAL Infosys majority revenue comes from the clients in U.S. The economic activities in U.S. decreased due to the current economic downturn. This made a great impact in the major economies of the world where Infosys have their business. The economic downturn progress may force the companies to reduce their information technology outsourcing budgets. In recent days real estate prices has reduced in India. This eventually reduced the rental expenditures. Since Infosys business depends upon overall demand for IT and the economic health of their clients, the week economic condition, reduced outsourcing budgets and currency fluctuation will affect their demand and eventually result in reduced revenue. SOCIAL IT and offshore outsourcing services companies are highly competitive and they are served by many global, national and local companies. Many of the global competitors of Infosys have greater financial, marketing and technical resources and greater name recognition than Infosys. In India there are many technical institutions and universities that offer IT education and this increased the availability of more technically sound candidates in IT field. The working age population is also high in India. There is a threat from client side that they may choose those companies with greater resource and reputation. Salaries and related benefits constitute a major portion of total cost. Most of Infosys employees are based in India and wage costs in India have historically been significantly lower than wage costs in United States and Europe for comparably skilled professionals, and this has been one of Infosys competitive advantages. TECHNOLOGICAL The rapid technological change, new product introduction, evolving industry standards and changing client preferences characterises the IT and offshore outsourcing services industries. In these modern technology era, for every second there is some development in every field and that too in IT field, the technological development is very rapid. To withstand in this rapid growing field, updation and adaptability to change of technology is very important. The second largest telephone network after China is the Indian telephone network. This increased the number of outsourcing projects in this field and Infosys bags numerous BPO and research related projects in this field. Infosys clearly focuses on technological factors and it has a very good infrastructure and its research arm is highly focused in innovation and updation of the technologies used in their business. ENVIRONMENTAL Infosys is more concerned about the environment. Infosys believes that the environment can be a participant and a beneficiary of progress. Infosys wishes to be recognized as a company committed to high standards of environmental management by all stakeholders, including customers, employees, vendors, share owners and community at large. Infosys pays keen attention in providing a safe and healthy environment to its contractors, consultants and employees. Infosys considers every means of reducing the carbon footprint, water consumption and energy utilization. Infosys pay more attention towards the environmental factors as they believe that these factors contribute to their social respect and eventually to their business and reputation. LEGAL For providing a sound legal environment for the IT companies, the IT act, 2000 in India is being strengthened by the India government. This particularly focuses on issues like security of data in storage and transmission. IT companies in India are offered with tax and fiscal benefits and can set up Special Economic Zones with a minimum area of 10 hectares. Globally there is a huge debate regarding the bonds under which employees are required to work. This is followed in many countries and this is not legally required. This causes difficulties in attracting global talents. INFOSYS STRATEGY AND THE IMPACT Johnson, G. Scholes, K. (1999) states, Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organisation through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations.` Infosys strongly believes that their client-focused strategy is the key factor that helps them to achieve growth. Infosys believes that choosing their client is also a factor that determines their reputation. Their strategy focuses on limited number of large reputed organization that pays attention towards quality in products rather than focusing on numerous small organizations without quality concern. Beyond a certain limit, Infosys does not negotiate over margins and at times rather than compromising on quality for low cost contracts, it prefers to walk out from that business. Their strategy focuses on building an image for quality driven model rather than cost differentiating m odel. INCREASE BUSINESS FROM EXISTING AND NEW CLIENTS Infosys pays more attention in increasing its recurring business by providing software re-engineering, maintenance, business process management and infrastructure management services which require frequent contact with clients and are long term in nature. By leveraging its in-depth industry expertise, it provides value added solutions to its new clients and sustains their business with their new clients. EXPAND GEOGRAPHICALLY Expanding its geographical reach is one of the Infosys strategic objectives. To achieve this they establish new offices in many countries. Through Infosys China, Infosys Australia and Infosys Mexico, it increases its presence in China, Australia and Latin America respectively. Through its Infosys BPO, it increases its presence in Czech Republic and Eastern Europe. ENHANCE SOLUTION SET AND BRAND VISIBILITY Infosys focuses on emerging technologies and innovation. They added new service offerings like system integration and infrastructure management in recent years which enhanced their growth. By investing and participating in media, industry analyst events, trade shows and community outreach programs, Infosys enhances its brand visibility. ALLIANCE AND STRATEGIC ACQUISITION Infosys makes alliance with many leading technology providers to strengthen its service and business solutions. They pay attention on acquiring companies that are in line with strategic goals. GLOBAL DELIVERY MODEL Infosys focuses on achieving cost advantage by their global delivery model. They follow the principle of producing where it is most cost effective and selling where it is most profitable. MOVING UP THE VALUE CHAIN Moving up the value chain is one of the objectives of Infosys strategy. They believe that getting involved at the earliest stage in a software development project would make them to be in the leading position in the competitive environment. Ansoff, I. Mc Donnell, E. (1990) states, Strategic management is a systematic approach for managing strategic change, which consists of the following: 1. Positioning of the firm through strategy and capability planning 2. Real-time strategic response through issue management 3. Systematic management of resistance during strategic implementation Infosys has a very good strategic planning and management capability, which enhances their growth. The major and brilliant advantageous development of Infosys strategic planning is the development of SET Labs. The research arm of Infosys is the Software Engineering Technology Labs (SET Labs). Infosys defines its RD concept as a different concept from its competitors and terms it as Applie d RD. They perform research on their own after a lot of environment scanning and look at what would add value for Infosys and eventually to its clients. To overcome the problem of economic slowdown, Infosys developed new business models using IT. They focused on developing industry specific and domain specific solutions. They introduced the Platform BPO concept which allows their customer to follow the pay-as-you-go pricing mode. Infosys managed to withstand their business during economic slowdown by introducing Platform BPO. They pay more attention in their IT and IT strategy which eventually enhances their new technology adaptation and innovation. The below table shows the geographical revenue break-up for the year end, March 31, 2010 (All denominations in Indian Rupees) PARTICULARS NORTH AMERICA EUROPE INDIA REST OF THE WORLD TOTAL REVENUES YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2010 14972 Crores 5237 Crores 270 Crores 2263 Crores 22742 Crores T he revenue for the year end March 31, 2009 is 21693 crores Indian rupees. Thus with their effective strategy, Infosys achieved an increase in revenue by 1049 crores Indian rupees. CONCLUSION From the above study, one can infer that Infosys has grown as a leading company with its IT and strategic planning. Strategic planning plays a major role in analysing and gaining knowledge about the issues that the company has to tackle in the near or far future. Infosys with their strategic planning and management strived hard and even managed to be in the competitive environment even in the period of global economic down turn. They still have to focus on the internal and external factors which contribute to the weakness and threats so as to overcome all near and far future issues. It is clear form the analysis that Infosys has proved to be reputed company with good growth.

High School Curriculum And Our Future - 1177 Words

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Differences Between Female And Female Actions And Behaviors

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An Analysis of “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” and “Out of the...

An Analysis of â€Å"Crossing Brooklyn Ferry† and â€Å"Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking† By Austin Cooley ENGL 2027 – 007 In â€Å"Crossing Brooklyn Ferry† the story follows the narrator’s experience with life as he takes a beautiful ferry ride. The man talks about the meaning of his life to other people. In this crowd he brings together all of the strangers and finds a connection. His journey through â€Å"space and time† is focused on the people. In the first sections, Whitman sets the scene by describing his surroundings. He personifies a few objects, thus, making them more relatable to the people he is surrounded by. He feels connected to a pattern larger than himself, and how the past and the future resemble each other. And so he gets into the real†¦show more content†¦The things that gave him pleasure were in fact the sensory pleasures. What he saw in the world, the voices and sounds of the people, the accomplishments that he felt, and memories that he made were his justifications for living. Living his life to the fullest and cherishing the things that he did for him self gave him an identity. There is a key difference between living a meaningless life and a leading a rewarding life with a purpose. In the first case, the goal in life is to work hard to be accepted by the standards of others. As a result, a life will most likely wasted on work that gives no meaning or reward to the person. In the second case, a person can live for their own standards and behave in a way that is enjoyable to themselves. â€Å"I too had receivd identity by my body, That I was I knew was of my body, and what I should be I knew I should be of my body. . . . About my body for me, and your body for you. . .† The interiority as Whitman describes, guarantees that an individual can find meaning in life without comparing themselves against others and bringing out the evil and deceitful qualities of humans. In an ideal model of Whitmans social behavior, everyone would be content and there would be no evil in the world. The final two lines of the poem set his conclusion regarding the importance of interiority its results on the world. You furnish your parts toward eternity, Great or small, you furnish your parts toward the soul. Whitman himself ignored the

Tax Residency & Assessable Income

Question: Discuss about the Tax Residency Assessable Income. Answer: Issue The main objective is to ascertain assessable income for Peter for the given tax years in accordance with the relevant provisions of ITAA 1936 and ITAA 1997. Rule The key aspect determining the assessability of the given income source is the tax residency status of the individual taxpayer which particularly becomes prominent when the income also has been derived from foreign sources besides domestic sources. Section 6-5(2), ITAA 1997 categorically state that if the underlying taxpayer is an Australian tax resident, then income from all parts of the world would be subject to tax in Australia and the location of the source becomes immaterial (CCH, 2013). This is not the case for foreign tax residents as has been highlighted in s. 6-5(3), ITAA 1997 which makes it abundantly clear that only domestic income i.e. income arising from sources located within the Australian territorial boundaries would be subject to tax (Barkoczy, 2015). For opining on the tax residency status the primary stature applicable is s. 6(1), ITAA 1936 along with the relevant tax ruling i..e TR 98/17. Together, these highlight the applicable residency tests that the individual taxpayer can apply to ascertain the residency status for tax purpose in a given assessment year (Nethercott, Richardson and Devos, 2016). In total, there are four tests whose application and key clauses are as enumerated below (Gilders et. al., 2016). Resides Test The application of this test is limited only to foreign residents who tend to arrive in Australia for a variety of reasons and hence based on the given circumstances, the tax residency may be determined. 183 Test The application of this test is limited only to foreign residents who tend to arrive in Australia to visit or other purpose and hence based on the given circumstances, the tax residency may be determined Superannuation Test The application of this test for tax residency determination is limited to Federal government employees who on behalf of the government are serving in foreign locations and thus have to stay out of Australia for significant periods of time. Domicile Test The application of this test is confined only to Australian residents who are residing at a foreign location for the fulfilment of obligations which may be of personal or professional nature. For the given situation, as the concerned taxpayer is an Australian resident, hence only the detailed discussion of the domicile test is being carried out. For passing the domicile test for gaining the status of Australian tax resident, the following two conditions are required to be fulfilled (Sadiq et. al., 2016). Possession of Australian domicile in line with the applicable clauses of the relevant statute i.e. Domicile Act 1982. Location of taxpayers permanent abode within the geographical boundaries in Australia during the period when taxpayer is away. The concept of permanent abode has been explored in the discussions carried out during the Levene v. I.R.C. (1928) A.C.217 case. With regards to the application of the above test for determination of the taxpayers tax residency, the issue is not with the determination of whether the concerned individual has domicile of Australia or not but with ascertaining with objectivity the underlying location where the permanent abode is located for the period under assessment (Deutsch et. al., 2015). Typically with regards to the determination of permanent abode location, a host of factors are considered to reach a final decision in this regard which has also been highlighted in IT 2650. This particular ruling tends to signify certain factors which are taken into cognizance by the relevant tax authorities when framing a opinion about the permanent abode location (ATO, 1991). Another key issue pertains to the meaning of the word permanent and whether the shift in abode permanently by default implies that the taxpayer would never return to Australian in the future for residence purpose. A leading case which highlights the key arguments in this debate and facilitate the correct interpretation of the word permanent here is the F.C. of T. v. Applegate (1979) ATC 4307 (Barkoczy, 2015). This case revolved around an Australian domicile holder who was sent abroad with the intention of setting up an office for the Australian employer in the foreign location. As the work scope was quite wide and flexible, the period of stay abroad could not be determined at the onset and would become clear over the period of time as things would start falling in place. This was indicative of the fact that typically the time commitments would be large in the given case. However, it was agreed beforehand between the taxpayer and the Australian employer that post the task accomplishment, the taxpayer would come back to Australia permanently. The taxpayer during the course of discharging his professional commitments fell seriously sick and thereby had to come back to Australia on a permanent basis at the end of the second year even though the work still remained unfinished. Even though the taxpayer was back in Australia on a permanent basis but the honourable court still ruled that for the whole period. An important clarification offered by the court was that the meaning of the word permanent in this context was essentially a substantial length of time which necessarily did not imply indefinite period. This stance has been reiterated by the court during the verdict offered for a similar case i.e. F.C. of T. v. Jenkins 82 ATC 4098 (ATO, 1991). With regards to computation of assessable income, two key components are ordinary income and statutory income that are respectively governed by s. 6-5 and s. 6-10, ITAA 1997 respectively (Sadiq et. al., 2016). Ordinary Income Section 6-5 mentions that ordinary income would be income that is derived in accordance with the ordinary concepts but has not provided the details in this regard. Hence, the commentary given in relevant tax rulings along with case laws has been deployed to decipher that the following sources tend to contribute to ordinary income under the aegis of s.6-5 (CCH, 2013). Proceeds derived on account of personal exertion Proceeds in the form of rent or lease payments Proceeds in the form of interest payment from various investments in banks and securities Proceeds from carrying business or engaged in employment Proceeds from dividends resulting from the shares Proceeds derived by professionals on account of their skills which includes relevant prizes that may be regularly awarded. Statutory income In accordance with the name, it is apparent that for this form of income, a separate statute would exist which would provide relevant details about the same. A key constituent of this income is in the form of capital gains which tend to attract CGT or Capital Gains Tax. When a capital asset is liquidated, the capital proceeds are non-taxable, however, the capital gains made in the process may be taxable in accordance with the applicable CGT provisions (Deutsch et.al., 2015). As per s. 108-20(2), ITAA 1997, any asset which is essentially meant for personal use would not be subject to CGT and thus would be exempt from CGT (Barkoczy, 2015). Also, in line with Division 115 ITAA, 1997, individual Australian tax residents can avail a discount of 50% on the taxable capital gains if these are long term capital gains (Gilders et. al., 2016). Case Facts The relevant information from the given case is a highlighted below: Peter was a bass guitarist in a popular band in Australia. He was born and raised and Australia (Australian resident) He along with his band member departed to England because they knew that there would be high possibility that the band would do great business in England. Peter has already decided that once the band achieved significant success, he would return back to Australia. In order to collect additional fund for airfare and initial expenses, he leased out his home which is located in Brighton. He did not know about the exact period of stay in England. Hence, he leased the house till the end of 2018. He also sold his car and shares. The band members also received various awards and price money in Australia for their albums. On 20th January 2016, they leased a large house for office work as well as for professional work in London. In a year, band had successfully achieved significant popularity and they received price money, awards for their album in Britain. In October 2017, Peter had returned back to Australia. He had to rent a flat because he leased his own house for end of 2018. After their arrival in Australia, they were continuously receiving royalties form the overseas sale of the album. Application It is apparent that Peter does possess the domicile of Australia. With regards to location of permanent abode, the arguments made in F.C. of T. v. Applegate (1979) ATC 4307 would apply. Here, at the time of migrating to England, Peter had no idea about the timeframe required but based on the behaviour of other band members and also leasing of house till 2018, it is apparent that the period was expected to be substantial. Hence, it may be conclude that during the period of stay in England, his permanent abode was located in England only and not Australia. Hence, for the all the three years i.e. FY2016, FY2017 and FY2018, the domicile test is not satisfied. As a result, Peter would be classified as a foreign tax resident and only would have income derived from Australia as potentially tax assessable. Foreign income would be outside the scope of Australian tax authorities. The assessable income for Peter during the three years has been highlighted based on the above mentioned facts. FY 2016 Capital receipts received from the sale of a car is non assessable. Hence, the income received from sale of car would notcontribute in the assessable income. Moreover, as per section 108-20(20), it would be exempted from the capital gain tax. It is apparent from the given facts that acquisition period of share is more than one year. Therefore, the long term capital gains obtained from the sale of the shares would also contribute in the assessable income of Peter. According to the Section 6(5), income obtained in the form of awards would be assessable, because it is ordinary income from professional work. Price amount received from various shows and events would be assessable income as per the provision of Section 6(5). Peter has leased his own house located in Australian. Hence, the received rent amount would be considered as assessable income from investment. FY 2017 Prize amount received from various events would be assessable income as per the provision of Section 6(5). The amount of award would also be classified as assessable income as per the ruling of Section 6(5). Peter has leased his own house located in Australian. Hence, the rent amount would be considered as assessable income from ordinary concepts. FY 2018 Peter has leased his own home for a period that would continue till end of 2018. Therefore, the income derived in the form of lease amount would be classified as assessable income as per Section 6(5). Peter has also received royalty amount on the best albums which would be from professional course of work and therefore, would be categorised as assessable income as per Section 6(5).

Should the Internet be censored Essay Example For Students

Should the Internet be censored Essay Should the Internet be censored? Censorship on the Internet is a verycontroversial issue. Many agree that censoring violates the First Amendment of freespeech. Yet many also believe that it is the governments duty to censor to protectThe EFA (Electronic Frontiers Australia Inc.) is an organization against Internetcensorship. The EFAs goals are to advocate the amendment of laws and regulations inAustralia and elsewhere which restrict free speechand to educate the community at largeabout theliberties issues involved in the use of computer-based communicationssystems. (President of EFA) The EFA shares similar goals with the USAs EFF(Electronic Frontiers Foundation) These organizations believe that free speech is a rightand it will be taken away by censoring the Internet. Does freedom of speech include pornography and obscenity? Some argue thatobscenity is a matter of opinion and it cannot be defined. The truth is that it has beendefined by the Supreme Court, and in 1957 in the Supreme Court case of Roth v. U.S. theSupreme Court decided that obscenity was outside the protection intended for speechand press at the time during which the First Amendment was written. (Roth v. U.S., 354U.S., 476) Therefore, the First Amendment does not protect it. So what about the children? Should they be subject to obscenities andpornography? People opposed to Internet censorship argue that it is a parents job tosupervise what web sites their children are going to. But parents argue that it is almostimpossible to always be there to watch their children, especially for single parents andfamilies where both parents work. Most people arent even looking for obscene web sites. The sites are hidden and are targeted towards people who arent even looking for it. In aninterview with the Washington Times, Donna Rice Hughes says, Children do need to beonline. They have benefits therefor their futureBut we cant have a system where ifyou type in dog you get a picture of a woman having sex with a dog! (Goode.)And obscenities and pornography isnt all of the harmful material on the Internetthat children can access. There are sites on how to make a bomb, how to hi-jack a car,and how to use a gun, as well as almost anything and everything imaginable. This can leadRebecca Fairweather, a high school graduate of 1999, does not agree with this. Inthe Detroit News she wrote that Rather than trying to prevent these actions, adults musttry to keep youth from feeling desperate enough to commit such acts. She feels thatinstead of focusing on eliminating the negative, focus on promoting the positive- sports,music, art, writing, dance, community service, and math and science because, Fairweathersays as any parent can tell you, young people will find a way to get what they want nomatter what obstacles adults put up against them. (Fairweather)Many schools still are required to use a filtering program to censor the researchthat students do in school. The Board of Education in New York City has installed a filteron its computer system that blocks students from gaining access to any web sites thatinclude categories like news and sex education. Even those of major new outlets, policygroups, and scientific and medical organizations were even blocked. Thi s blockingprogram makes it almost impossible for students to do sophisticated research projects onthe Internet. Teachers and parents have complained to the Board of Education. Theblocking program sweeps far too broadly, (Hartocollis) comments Morman Segel,Executive Director of the civil liberations group.Teachers and parents feel it would bemore efficient to use a filtering program that allows the Board of Education to set thestandards and decide what to block and what not to block instead of the current programthey have called I-Gear, which does not allow this option. The Internet should be censored, not by the government, but by the individual. If aparents feels the need to keep their child away from the dangers of the Internet, they canuse a filtering program on their computer. Censoring the Internet for children is not as biga problem as a lot of people make it out to be. The Internet can be a very safe and helpfulresource for children to learn and research. As Rebecca Fairweath er said, adults should bemore concerned with gearing children towards positive material, than trying to cover upBibliography:Works CitedBorn-again Rice answers call to clean up the Net. Insight on the News; Washington;December 21; 1998; Stephen Goode. Policing the Wild Net. Time Magazine. South Pacific; June 21, 1999; Nathan Tripp. .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 , .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .postImageUrl , .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 , .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:hover , .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:visited , .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:active { border:0!important; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:active , .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982 .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u183bfae74bb8fd53622876a0101a8982:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Avoidant Personality Disorder EssayBoard Blocks Student Access To Web Sites. The New York Times. New York;November 10, 1999; Anemona Hartocollis. Teens Need and Deserve Time From Adults. Detroit News. Detroit, Michigan; August18, 1999; Rebecca Fairweather.